The only recognised treatment in dengue fever is maintaining. Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and. There is currently no recommended vaccine available against dengue fever in europe, and treatment of the disease is symptomatic and supportive. Other diseases caused by flaviviruses include yellow fever, japanese encephalitis and murray valley encephalitis. Symptoms of dengue fever infection usually begin 47 days after the infectious mosquito bite and typically last 310 days. It is difficult to distinguish infection with dengue from zika, as well as chikungunya, as they share a similar geographical spread, and some clinical signs. A patient infected with dengue exhibits flulike symptoms and a fever that runs for two to seven days. Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses transmitted by aedes mosquitoes symptoms of dengue fever include severe joint and muscle pain, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, exhaustion, and rash. Since the second edition of dengue haemorrhagic fever. Pain relievers that dont make bleeding worse may be taken, such as tylenol acetaminophen.
Dengue virus infection is spread primarily by the mosquito vector aedes aegypti and causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Clinical findings include nausea, vomiting, rash, aches and pains, a positive tourniquet test, leukopenia, and the following. Severe dengue asian society for pediatric infectious diseases. If you think you have dengue pdf 1 page see a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. To help with recovery, health care experts recommend. Antibiotics are ineffective at treating this disease. Dengue virus is prevalent throughout the tropics and subtropics. World health organizationworld health organization, 1997. Classification schemes overview in 1997, the world health organization who published a classification scheme describing three categories of symptomatic denv infection. The complications of severe dengue can lead to collapse and sometimes death.
Patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin acetylsalicylic acid, aspirincontaining drugs, and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen because of their anticoagulant properties. Dengue guidelines, documents and manuals dengue virus net. Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. Following these meetings, guidelines for the diagnosis, treatment and. Take acetaminophen also known as paracetamol outside of the united states to control fever. If you get dengue fever once, can you get it again. This increase is believed to be to be due to multiple factors. Clinical practice guidelines of denguedengue hemorrhagic fever. Clinical implications and treatment of dengue core. Once someone becomes infected with it, his or her symptoms are treated. Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus which is transmitted to humans via the bite of an infective mosquito. Treatment there is no specific treatment for classic dengue fever, and most people recover within 2 weeks.
The epidemiological data and guidelines for treatment were downloaded from the websites of international agencies, including the world health. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classic incapacitating disease with high fever of abrupt onset. Dengue fever treatment as with most viruses, treatment options for dengue will only manage its symptoms. Dengue is a disease caused by a virus spread through mosquito bites. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by some types of mosquitoes. Call your doctor right away if you develop any of the following. Centers for disease control advises people with dengue fever not to take aspirin. Patients with severe dengue can recover without sequelae if diagnosed early and treated appropriately.
Dengue fever, a very old disease, has reemerged in the past 20 years with an expanded geographic distribution of both the viruses and the mosquito vectors, increased epidemic activity, the development of hyperendemicity the cocirculation of multiple serotypes, and the emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions. The fever may go down temporarily after three days, making many patients think it is over. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4. Treatment of dengue fever article pdf available in infection and drug resistance 51. Do people who have contracted dengue fever need to be quarantined. Dengue fever symptoms, treatments, prevention texas extension. Dengue fever the clinical features of df frequently depend on the age of the patient. Older data suggested an estimated 50100 million cases of dengue fever and 500,000 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever occur worldwide, with 22,000 deaths mainly in children. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Aspirinfree fever reducers like acetaminophen, pain medications, rest, and fluid for rehydration are typically prescribed.
Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue. Schematic depiction of the symptoms of dengue fever. Dengue fever symptoms include sudden onset of a fever that may last from 2 to 7 days with intense headache, joint and muscle pain, and a rash.
Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever frequently asked questions what is dengue. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. Hence, individuals can be infected with dengue up to four times. Guide for diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The hemorrhagic form of dengue fever is more severe and symptoms may include loss of appetite, persistent vomiting, high fever, headache, difficulty breathing. How do i view different file formats pdf, doc, ppt, mpeg on this site. It is an important cause of fever in the returned traveller. For severe dengue symptoms, including shock and coma, early and aggressive emergency treatment. Drink plenty of fluids such as water or drinks with. The illness commonly begins with a sudden rise in temperature accompanied by facial flush and other nonspecific constitutional symptoms of dengue fever. Dengue occurs in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world, particularly subsaharan africa, the middle east, southeast asia, and central and south america.
Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america. Health effects from dengue include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, muscle and joint pain, and minor bleeding. Dengue is an infection caused by one of four dengue viruses in the family flaviviridae. There is no specific treatment for dengue and innovative approaches are needed in preventing the disease at the com munity level. Persons who have traveled to a tropical or subtropical region should consult their physician if they develop symptoms. It is important to note that a severe form of dengue, known as dengue haemorrhagic fever dhf, may also be a risk wherever the disease occurs. Dengue is a viral disease and transmitted by the aedes mosquito. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. A small proportion of cases can progress to severe dengue sometimes called dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, which can occur in both adults and children. Dengue, guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes especially aedes aegypti and is widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics.
Dengue knowledge for medical students and physicians. In a small proportion of cases, the disease develops into severe dengue, also known as dengue. There are four different serotypes of dengue virus denv14 circulating in the world, including singapore. Infants and young children may have an undifferentiated febrile disease, often with a maculopapular rash. There is no treatment for dengue fever, and about 40 percent of. The presence of fever, rash, and headache the dengue triad is characteristic of dengue fever.
Dengue outbreaks occur each year in north queensland following cases imported from overseas. Dengue classically presents with high fever, headache, body aches, exanthem, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Prevention is possible in children ages 916 with a labconfirmed previous dengue infection with a vaccine, dengvaxia, approved by the fda in the u. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash.
The rash usually appears on the hands, arms, legs and feet 3 to 4 days. Dengue fever breakbone fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever. If you suspect you or someone you know has dengue fever, contact your doctor or. Dengue fever is a virus, so it needs to run its course. Local transmission of dengue fever in france and spain 2018. In terms of morbidity, mortality and economic costs, dengue is. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. The symptoms of dengue fever include sudden onset of fever. Other countries approved its use in adults up to age 45 in endemic areas. More information on dengue fever is available in the ecdc dengue fever factsheet 7. The viruses are transmitted to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4.
A rapid deterioration can occur 25 days after onset of fever. In november 2009, the world health organization who issued a new guideline that classifies symptomatic cases as dengue or severe dengue. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general. It is sometimes difficult to differentiate dengue from other febrile diseases such as malaria and typhoid, so tests may be needed to exclude these. Dengue in asia and the pacific islands watch level 1. If you suspect you or someone you know has dengue fever, contact your doctor or health department immediately. Treatment usually involves treating symptoms such as managing fever, general aches and pains. Older children and adults may have either a mild febrile syndrome or the classic incapacitating disease with high fever. Treatment of acute dengue fever is supportive, with either oral or intravenous rehydration for mild or. Do pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers need to take extra precautions. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne infection that causes severe flulike symptoms and can be fatal.
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